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September 27, 2022
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On the genesis of molybdenum carbide phases during reduction-carburization reactions

Publicated to: Journal Of Solid State Chemistry. 190 285-295 - 2012-06-01 190(), DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2012.02.021

Authors:

Guil-López, R; Nieto, E; Botas, JA; Fierro, JLG
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Affiliations

ICP CSIC, Grp Energia & Quim Sostenibles, Madrid 28049, Spain - Author
Univ Rey Juan Carlos, Dept Tecnol Quim & Energet, ESCET, Mostoles 28933, Spain - Author

Abstract

Molybdenum carbide has been prepared according to the carbothermal reduction method. Carbon black substrate was used as C-source whereas a H-2-flow was the reducing agent. Two different H-2 consumption steps were identified during the carburization treatment. The low temperature step is related to the reduction of Mo6+-to-Mo4+, the higher temperature process accounts for the deep reduction of Mo4+-to-metal Mo-0 and its subsequent reaction with C to form the Mo-carbide. The influences of the maximum carburization temperature, carburization time, gas hourly space velocity regarding Mo-loading, heating rate and temperature of Ar pre-treatment were analyzed. All these conditions are interrelated to each other. Thus, the carburization process ends at 700 degrees C when Mo-loading is 10 wt%, however Mo-loading higher than 10 wt% requires higher temperatures. Carburization temperatures up to 800 degrees C are needed to fulfill Mo-carbide formation with samples containing 50 wt% Mo. Nevertheless, Ar pre-treatment at 550 degrees C and slow heating rates favor the carburization, thus requiring lower carburization temperatures to reach the same carburization level. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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Keywords

Activated carbonCarbidesCarbon blackCarbothermal reductionCarbothermal reduction methodCarburizationCarburization processCatalystsCoFuel-cellsGas hourly space velocitiesHeating rateHigher temperaturesHydrodenitrogenationLoadingLow temperaturesMetal carbidesMo2cMolybdenumMolybdenum carbideMolybdenum carbidesPerformancePre-treatmentSlow heating ratesTungsten carbideWater

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal Journal Of Solid State Chemistry due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency Scopus (SJR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2012, it was in position , thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials.

From a relative perspective, and based on the normalized impact indicator calculated from World Citations provided by WoS (ESI, Clarivate), it yields a value for the citation normalization relative to the expected citation rate of: 2.05. This indicates that, compared to works in the same discipline and in the same year of publication, it ranks as a work cited above average. (source consulted: ESI Nov 13, 2025)

This information is reinforced by other indicators of the same type, which, although dynamic over time and dependent on the set of average global citations at the time of their calculation, consistently position the work at some point among the top 50% most cited in its field:

  • Weighted Average of Normalized Impact by the Scopus agency: 1.59 (source consulted: FECYT Mar 2025)

Specifically, and according to different indexing agencies, this work has accumulated citations as of 2025-12-24, the following number of citations:

  • WoS: 49
  • Scopus: 46
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Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2025-12-24:

  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 56 (PlumX).
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Awards linked to the item

Financial support of the Project ENE2007-67533-C02/ALT is gratefully acknowledged. RGL acknowledges the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC) and the Project S2009ENE-1743, for her contract.
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