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September 4, 2023
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Longitudinal effects of FTO gene polymorphism on body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness, physical activity, inflammatory markers, and cardiovascular risk in children and adolescents. "The UP & DOWN study"

Publicated to: Scandinavian Journal Of Medicine & Science In Sports. 33 (11): 2261-2272 - 2023-11-01 33(11), DOI: 10.1111/sms.14469

Authors:

Mier-Mota, J; Ponce-González, JG; Perez-Bey, A; Cabanas-Sánchez, V; Veiga-Núñez, O; Santiago-Dorrego, C; Gómez-Gallego, F; Castro-Piñero, J
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Affiliations

CEI UAM CSIC, IMDEA Food Inst, Madrid, Spain - Author
CIBERESP (CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health), Madrid, Spain. - Author
CIBERESP CIBER Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Madrid, Spain - Author
Department of Basic Health Sciences, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, Spain. - Author
Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health. School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain. - Author
ExPhy Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cadiz, Cádiz, Spain. - Author
Faculty of Physical Activity, Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain. - Author
GALENO Research Group, Department of Physical Education, School of Education, University of Cádiz, Puerto Real, Spain. - Author
IMDEA-Food Institute. CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain. - Author
Research Unit, Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA), Puerta Del Mar University Hospital, University of Cadiz, Cádiz, Spain. - Author
Salus Infirmorum, University of Cádiz, Cadiz, Spain. - Author
Univ Autonoma Madrid, Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med & Publ Hlth, Madrid, Spain - Author
Univ Cadiz, Fac Educ Sci, Dept Phys Educ, ExPhy Res Grp, Cadiz, Spain - Author
Univ Cadiz, Puerta del Mar Univ Hosp, Biomed Res & Innovat Inst Cadiz INiBICA, Res Unit, Cadiz, Spain - Author
Univ Cadiz, Salus Infirmorum, Cadiz, Spain - Author
Univ Cadiz, Sch Educ, Dept Phys Educ, GALENO Res Grp, Puerto Real, Spain - Author
Univ Europea Madrid, Fac Phys Act Sport Sci & Physiotherapy, Madrid, Spain - Author
Univ Rey Juan Carlos, Dept Basic Hlth Sci, Madrid, Spain - Author
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Abstract

The role of polymorphism rs9939609 of the FTO gene has been related with fat mass and cardiovascular risk in adults, but it remains unclear in children and adolescents. Hence, the main aim of this study was to determine the FTO polymorphism effects on body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), physical activity (PA), inflammatory markers, and cardiovascular risk both in cross-sectional analysis and after two-years of follow-up in children and adolescents. A total of 2129 participants were included in this study. The rs9939609 polymorphism was genotyped. Body composition measurements, CRF, and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) were determined at baseline and after two-year of follow-up. Moreover, plasma leptin and adiponectin were also determined as inflammatory markers. Furthermore, an index of cardiovascular disease risk factors (CVDRF-I) was calculated. Codominant (TT vs. TA vs. AA) and dominant (AA+AT vs. TT) models were applied for statistical analysis. The results showed a main effect of the FTO genotype on body composition measures in both first and third year (p < 0.05), with lower adiposity in TT compared with AA or AA+AT group. These differences were maintained after accounting for pubertal maturity, sex, age, VO2 max, and MVPA. Moreover, lower leptin level was observed in TT compared to AA+AT group in the third year. An interaction in Gene*Time*Sex was found in height and neck circumference in dominant model (p = 0.047; p = 0.020, respectively). No differences were found in CRF, MVPA nor CVDRF-I between groups. Hence, homozygous TT allele could be a protective factor against weight gain from early childhood.© 2023 The Authors. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science In Sports published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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Keywords

fto3 generationsassociationchildhoodchildhood obesityfat-massftogenotypehealthobesityrs9939609 polymorphismweightCardiovascular diseaseChildhood obesityFtoGenotypeMass index

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal Scandinavian Journal Of Medicine & Science In Sports due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency WoS (JCR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2023, it was in position 15/127, thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Sport Sciences.

Independientemente del impacto esperado determinado por el canal de difusión, es importante destacar el impacto real observado de la propia aportación.

Según las diferentes agencias de indexación, el número de citas acumuladas por esta publicación hasta la fecha 2026-01-26:

  • WoS: 2
  • Scopus: 3
  • Europe PMC: 1
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Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2026-01-26:

  • The use, from an academic perspective evidenced by the Altmetric agency indicator referring to aggregations made by the personal bibliographic manager Mendeley, gives us a total of: 27.
  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 27 (PlumX).

With a more dissemination-oriented intent and targeting more general audiences, we can observe other more global scores such as:

  • The Total Score from Altmetric: 1.
  • The number of mentions on the social network X (formerly Twitter): 2 (Altmetric).

It is essential to present evidence supporting full alignment with institutional principles and guidelines on Open Science and the Conservation and Dissemination of Intellectual Heritage. A clear example of this is:

  • The work has been submitted to a journal whose editorial policy allows open Open Access publication.
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Awards linked to the item

The UP DOWN study has been funded by Spanish Minister of Science and Innovation. National Plan for Research Development and Innovation (R + D + i) DEP 2010 21662 C04 00 (DEP 2010 21662 C04 01, DEP 2010 21662 C04 02, DEP 2010 21662 C04 03, DEP 2010 21662 C04 04)
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