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E.G.-I. received a Maria Zambrano Program fund from the European Union-Spain.

Analysis of institutional authors

Stich, MichaelAuthorGil-De-Miguel, AngelAuthor

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Elixhauser comorbidity method in predicting death of Spanish inpatients with asplenia and pneumococcal pneumonia

Publicated to:Bmc Infectious Diseases. 24 (1): 607- - 2024-06-20 24(1), DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-09517-4

Authors: Gea-Izquierdo, Enrique; Ruiz-Urbaez, Rossana; Hernandez-Barrera, Valentin; Stich, Michael; Gil-de-Miguel, Angel

Affiliations

Eugenio Espejo Hosp, Internal Med Serv, Quito, Ecuador - Author
European Union, Maria Zambrano Program, Madrid, Spain - Author
Inst Salud Carlos III, CIBER Resp Dis CIBERES, Madrid, Spain - Author
Pontif Catholic Univ Ecuador, Fac Med, Quito, Ecuador - Author
Rey Juan Carlos Univ, Dept Appl Math Mat Sci & Engn & Elect Technol, Madrid, Spain - Author
Rey Juan Carlos Univ, Dept Med Specialties & Publ Hlth, Madrid, Spain - Author
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Abstract

Background Pneumococcal pneumonia (PP) is a serious infection caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus), with a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations. The aim of this study was to analyze the comorbidity factors that influenced the mortality in patients with asplenia according to PP. Methods Discharge reports from the Spanish Minimum Basic Data Set (MBDS) was used to retrospectively analyze patients with asplenia and PP, from 1997 to 2021. Elixhauser Comorbidity Index (ECI) was calculated to predict in-hospital mortality (IHM). Results 97,922 patients with asplenia were included and 381 cases of PP were identified. The average age for men was 63.87 years and for women 65.99 years. In all years, ECI was larger for splenectomized than for non-splenectomized patients, with men having a higher mean ECI than women. An association was found between risk factors ECI, splenectomy, age group, sex, pneumococcal pneumonia, and increased mortality (OR = 0.98; 95% CI: 0.97-0.99; p < 0.001). The IHM increased steadily with the number of comorbidities and index scores in 1997-2021. Conclusions Asplenia remain a relevant cause of hospitalization in Spain. Comorbidities reflected a great impact in patients with asplenia and PP, which would mean higher risk of mortality.

Keywords

AdultAgedAged, 80 and overAspleniaComorbidityCostElixhauser comorbidity indexFemaleHospital mortalityHospitalizationHumansIncreaseInpatientsMaleMiddle agedMortalityPneumococcal diseasePneumonia, pneumococcalQualityRetrospective studiesRisk factorsSpaiSpainSplenectomyStreptococcus pneumoniaeStreptococcus-pneumoniae

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal Bmc Infectious Diseases due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency Scopus (SJR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2024 there are still no calculated indicators, but in 2023, it was in position , thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Infectious Diseases.

Independientemente del impacto esperado determinado por el canal de difusión, es importante destacar el impacto real observado de la propia aportación.

Según las diferentes agencias de indexación, el número de citas acumuladas por esta publicación hasta la fecha 2025-06-29:

  • Scopus: 1

Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2025-06-29:

  • The use, from an academic perspective evidenced by the Altmetric agency indicator referring to aggregations made by the personal bibliographic manager Mendeley, gives us a total of: 8.
  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 8 (PlumX).

With a more dissemination-oriented intent and targeting more general audiences, we can observe other more global scores such as:

  • The Total Score from Altmetric: 5.

It is essential to present evidence supporting full alignment with institutional principles and guidelines on Open Science and the Conservation and Dissemination of Intellectual Heritage. A clear example of this is:

  • The work has been submitted to a journal whose editorial policy allows open Open Access publication.

Leadership analysis of institutional authors

This work has been carried out with international collaboration, specifically with researchers from: Ecuador.

There is a significant leadership presence as some of the institution’s authors appear as the first or last signer, detailed as follows: First Author () and Last Author (Gil de Miguel, Ángel).

the author responsible for correspondence tasks has been .