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Gor-Garcia-Fogeda, MdCorresponding AuthorDe La Cuerda, RcAuthorTejada, McAuthorAlguacil-Diego, ImAuthorMolina-Rueda, FAuthor

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September 27, 2022
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Observational Gait Assessments in People With Neurological Disorders: A Systematic Review

Publicated to:Archives Of Physical Medicine And Rehabilitation. 97 (1): 131-140 - 2016-01-01 97(1), DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2015.07.018

Authors: Dolores Gor-Garcia-Fogeda, Maria; Cano de la Cuerda, Roberto; Carratala Tejada, Maria; Alguacil-Diego, Isabel M; Molina-Rueda, Francisco

Affiliations

Multiple Sclerosis Fdn, Phys Therapy Dept, Madrid 28003, Spain - Author
Rey Juan Carlos Univ, Fac Hlth Sci, Rehabil & Phys Med Dept, Phys Therapy,Occupat Therapy, Madrid, Spain - Author

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the clinical and psychometric properties of observational gait assessment scales in people with neurological disorders. Data Sources: The databases used for the literature search were MEDLINE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trial, Web of Science, and the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health. The search was conducted between September 15 and November 30, 2014. Study Selection: Studies that investigate and validate observational gait assessment scales in people with central nervous system disorders. Data Extraction: General characteristics of the studies, including number of patients and observational gait assessment scales analyzed and their psychometric properties, were extracted. Data Synthesis: After the literature search, 15 articles were included in this review. Seven of the 15 articles studied the Tinetti Gait Scale (TGS), 2 studied the Rivermead Visual Gait Assessment (RVGA), 1 studied the Gait Assessment and Intervention Tool (G.A.I.T.), 3 studied the Wisconsin Gait Scale, and one of them compared the TGS and the G.A.I.T. Conclusions: The scale that appears to be the most suitable for both clinical practice and research is the G.A.I.T. because it has shown to be valid, reliable, and sensitive to change, homogeneous, and comprehensive, containing a large number of items that assess most components of the gait pattern. The RVGA was studied in those with diverse neurological disorders, including multiple sclerosis. For those with Parkinson disease, the TGS showed sensitivity and the Tinetti Performance-Oriented Mobility Assessment (POMA) showed predictive capability for falls and mortality as well as intra- and interrater reliability. The Tinetti POMA was also studied in those with normal pressure hydrocephalus, showing sensitivity and in those with Huntington disease, showing reliability and validity. More research is needed to more comprehensively analyze the psychometric properties of the RVGA, Wisconsin Gait Scale, TGS, and G.A.I.T. in patients with diverse neurological disorders, other than stroke. (C) 2016 by the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine

Keywords

Abnormality rating-scaleCentral nervous system diseaseClinical practiceCochrane libraryCriterion related validityDisabilityDisability evaluationFall riskGaitGait assessment and intervention toolGait disorders, neurologicHumanHumansHuntington choreaInterrater reliabilityIntervention toolIntrarater reliabilityMedlineMortalityMultiple sclerosisMultiple-sclerosisNervous system diseasesNeurologic diseaseNeurologic gait disorderNormotensive hydrocephalusObservationObservational studyOriented mobility assessmentOutcome measuresParkinson diseaseParkinsons-diseasePathophysiologyPerformance oriented mobility assessmentPredictive validityPsychometricsPsychometryRating scaleRehabilitationReviewRivermead visual gait assessmentScientific literatureSensitivity and specificityStroke survivorsSystematic reviewTinettiWalking coordinationWeb of scienceWisconsin gait scale

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal Archives Of Physical Medicine And Rehabilitation due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency WoS (JCR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2016, it was in position 5/65, thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Rehabilitation.

From a relative perspective, and based on the normalized impact indicator calculated from World Citations provided by WoS (ESI, Clarivate), it yields a value for the citation normalization relative to the expected citation rate of: 3.53. This indicates that, compared to works in the same discipline and in the same year of publication, it ranks as a work cited above average. (source consulted: ESI Nov 14, 2024)

This information is reinforced by other indicators of the same type, which, although dynamic over time and dependent on the set of average global citations at the time of their calculation, consistently position the work at some point among the top 50% most cited in its field:

  • Weighted Average of Normalized Impact by the Scopus agency: 3.69 (source consulted: FECYT Feb 2024)
  • Field Citation Ratio (FCR) from Dimensions: 25.88 (source consulted: Dimensions Jul 2025)

Specifically, and according to different indexing agencies, this work has accumulated citations as of 2025-07-18, the following number of citations:

  • WoS: 75
  • Scopus: 90
  • Europe PMC: 36

Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2025-07-18:

  • The use, from an academic perspective evidenced by the Altmetric agency indicator referring to aggregations made by the personal bibliographic manager Mendeley, gives us a total of: 336.
  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 350 (PlumX).

With a more dissemination-oriented intent and targeting more general audiences, we can observe other more global scores such as:

  • The Total Score from Altmetric: 16.45.
  • The number of mentions on the social network Facebook: 1 (Altmetric).
  • The number of mentions on the social network X (formerly Twitter): 9 (Altmetric).
  • The number of mentions in news outlets: 1 (Altmetric).

Leadership analysis of institutional authors

There is a significant leadership presence as some of the institution’s authors appear as the first or last signer, detailed as follows: First Author (Gor García Fogeda, María Dolores) and Last Author (Molina Rueda, Francisco).

the author responsible for correspondence tasks has been Gor García Fogeda, María Dolores.