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This project is funded by the State Research Agency (PDI2019-106695RB-100/AEI/10.13039/501100011033).

Analysis of institutional authors

Ada-Lameiras, ACorresponding AuthorBlanco-Ruiz, MAuthor

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September 27, 2022
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Gender Differences in Sports News Coverage on Twitter

Publicated to:International Journal Of Environmental Research And Public Health. 17 (14): 1-13 - 2020-07-01 17(14), DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17145199

Authors: Sainz-de-Baranda, Clara; Ada-Lameiras, Alba; Blanco-Ruiz, Marian

Affiliations

Univ Carlos III Madrid, Dept Commun Studies, Fac Humanities Commun & Lib & Sci, Madrid 28903, Spain - Author
Univ Carlos III Madrid, Fac Law & Social Sci, Dept Business Adm, Getafe 28903, Spain - Author
Univ Carlos III Madrid, Univ Inst Gender Studies, Getafe 28903, Spain - Author
Univ Rey Juan Carlos, Fac Commun Sci, Dept Commun Sci & Sociol, Fuenlabrada 28943, Spain - Author

Abstract

Gender stereotypes influence boys' and girls' self-perception, with the differential treatment received by sports figures in the media being one of the main factors in the perpetuation of stereotypes about sports. The objective of this research is to analyze if the new communication channels, such as Twitter, maintain gender stereotypes when reporting sports news. For this purpose, the four most followed media in Spain were analyzed: (@ElPais_Deportes,@ABC_Deportes,@Marcaand@MundoDeportivo) over a period of five months, from March to June 2016. Our sample was composed of 6544 tweets, with 96.19% about sportsmen compared to 3.81% that portrayed women. The sport with the most media coverage was football (72.11%), for men as well as for women, followed by basketball (6.63%). It is clear that despite the growing international triumphs of Spanish women athletes in recent years, the latter continue to be underrepresented in the media. Female athletes receive more media coverage according to the sport which they engage in (gender-appropriate sports), with the exception of football, and not in accordance with their accomplishments. Twitter remains at the service of traditional media replicating the same gender biases and even augmenting them.

Keywords

AdultAgeArticleAthleteAthletesBasketballFemaleFemale athletesFootballGenderGender disparityHumanHuman experimentHumansJournalismMaleMass mediaMass mediumMessagePowerPublishingSex differenceSocial mediaSpainSpaniardSportSportsStereotypyTwitterWomen

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal International Journal Of Environmental Research And Public Health due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency WoS (JCR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2020, it was in position 42/176, thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Public, Environmental & Occupational Health.

From a relative perspective, and based on the normalized impact indicator calculated from the Field Citation Ratio (FCR) of the Dimensions source, it yields a value of: 8.87, which indicates that, compared to works in the same discipline and in the same year of publication, it ranks as a work cited above average. (source consulted: Dimensions Jul 2025)

Specifically, and according to different indexing agencies, this work has accumulated citations as of 2025-07-04, the following number of citations:

  • WoS: 17
  • Scopus: 21
  • Europe PMC: 3

Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2025-07-04:

  • The use, from an academic perspective evidenced by the Altmetric agency indicator referring to aggregations made by the personal bibliographic manager Mendeley, gives us a total of: 135.
  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 135 (PlumX).

With a more dissemination-oriented intent and targeting more general audiences, we can observe other more global scores such as:

  • The Total Score from Altmetric: 3.2.
  • The number of mentions on the social network X (formerly Twitter): 4 (Altmetric).

It is essential to present evidence supporting full alignment with institutional principles and guidelines on Open Science and the Conservation and Dissemination of Intellectual Heritage. A clear example of this is:

  • The work has been submitted to a journal whose editorial policy allows open Open Access publication.

Leadership analysis of institutional authors

There is a significant leadership presence as some of the institution’s authors appear as the first or last signer, detailed as follows: Last Author (Blanco Ruiz, María Ángeles).

the author responsible for correspondence tasks has been Adá Lameiras, Alba.