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Analysis of institutional authors

Ballestar, MtAuthorSainz, JCorresponding AuthorSanz, IAuthor

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September 27, 2022
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Is the transposition of EU directives homogeneous? An AI counterfactual example

Publicated to:Applied Economics Letters. 29 (21): 2015-2019 - 2022-12-15 29(21), DOI: 10.1080/13504851.2021.1967860

Authors: Teresa Ballestar, Maria; Sainz, Jorge; Sanz, Ismael

Affiliations

Univ Bath, Inst Policy Res, Bath, Avon, England - Author
Univ Rey Juan Carlos, Dept Appl Econ, Madrid, Spain - Author

Abstract

This research investigates homogeneity in the transposition of European Directives using as an example the EU policy on tobaccos regulated by Directive 2011/64. We analyse the effect of excise duties on tobacco consumption in Europe from 2002 to 2017 using an Artificial Intelligence counterfactual strategy. To our knowledge, this the first time that this AI strategie has been used in the economic analysis of law. Our results show that countries have different responses to changes in prices or taxation on tobacco. The lack of homogeneity across countries creates distortions and frontier effects and shows the need of harmonization.

Keywords

Artificial intelligenceCounterfactualEu regulationLaw and economics

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal Applied Economics Letters due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency Scopus (SJR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2022, it was in position , thus managing to position itself as a Q2 (Segundo Cuartil), in the category Economics and Econometrics. Notably, the journal is positioned en el Cuartil Q3 for the agency WoS (JCR) in the category Economics.

Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2025-08-04:

  • The use, from an academic perspective evidenced by the Altmetric agency indicator referring to aggregations made by the personal bibliographic manager Mendeley, gives us a total of: 17.
  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 20 (PlumX).

With a more dissemination-oriented intent and targeting more general audiences, we can observe other more global scores such as:

  • The Total Score from Altmetric: 6.35.
  • The number of mentions on the social network X (formerly Twitter): 6 (Altmetric).

Leadership analysis of institutional authors

This work has been carried out with international collaboration, specifically with researchers from: United Kingdom.

There is a significant leadership presence as some of the institution’s authors appear as the first or last signer, detailed as follows: First Author (Ballestar de las Heras, María Teresa) and Last Author (Sanz Labrador, Ismael).

the author responsible for correspondence tasks has been Sainz González, Jorge.