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This research was funded by Ministerio de Economia, Industria y Competitividad, Gobierno de Espana, Agencia Estatal de Investigacion, and co-funded by European Regional Development Fund, under the following project codes: TEC2013-48439-C4-1-R, TEC2013-48439-C4-2-R, TEC2016-75161-C2-1-R, TEC2016-75161-C2-2-R, TEC2016-81900-REDT, TEC2015-64835-C3-1-R.

Analysis of institutional authors

Melgarejo-Meseguer, FmCorresponding AuthorEverss-Villalba, EAuthorRojo-Alvarez, JlCorresponding Author

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September 27, 2022
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On the Beat Detection Performance in Long-Term ECG Monitoring Scenarios

Publicated to:Sensors. 18 (5): 1387- - 2018-05-01 18(5), DOI: 10.3390/s18051387

Authors: Melgarejo-Meseguer, Francisco-Manuel; Everss-Villalba, Estrella; Gimeno-Blanes, Francisco-Javier; Blanco-Velasco, Manuel; Molins-Bordallo, Zaida; Flores-Yepes, Jose-Antonio; Rojo-Alvarez, Jose-Luis; Garcia-Alberola, Arcadi

Affiliations

Hosp Gen Univ Virgen Arrixaca, Cardiol Serv, Arrhythmia Unit, Murcia 30120, Spain - Author
Miguel Hernandez Univ, Dept Signal Theory & Commun, Alicante 03202, Spain - Author
Rey Juan Carlos Univ, Dept Signal Theory & Commun, Madrid 28943, Spain - Author
Univ Alcala, Dept Signal Theory & Commun, Madrid 28805, Spain - Author
Univ Politecn Madrid, Ctr Computat Simulat, Madrid 28223, Spain - Author
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Abstract

Despite the wide literature on R-wave detection algorithms for ECG Holter recordings, the long-term monitoring applications are bringing new requirements, and it is not clear that the existing methods can be straightforwardly used in those scenarios. Our aim in this work was twofold: First, we scrutinized the scope and limitations of existing methods for Holter monitoring when moving to long-term monitoring; Second, we proposed and benchmarked a beat detection method with adequate accuracy and usefulness in long-term scenarios. A longitudinal study was made with the most widely used waveform analysis algorithms, which allowed us to tune the free parameters of the required blocks, and a transversal study analyzed how these parameters change when moving to different databases. With all the above, the extension to long-term monitoring in a database of 7-day Holter monitoring was proposed and analyzed, by using an optimized simultaneous-multilead processing. We considered both own and public databases. In this new scenario, the noise-avoid mechanisms are more important due to the amount of noise that exists in these recordings, moreover, the computational efficiency is a key parameter in order to export the algorithm to the clinical practice. The method based on a Polling function outperformed the others in terms of accuracy and computational efficiency, yielding 99.48% sensitivity, 99.54% specificity, 99.69% positive predictive value, 99.46% accuracy, and 0.85% error for MIT-BIH arrhythmia database. We conclude that the method can be used in long-term Holter monitoring systems.

Keywords

7-dayAlgorithmAnalysis algorithmsAtrial-fibrillationCatheter ablationClassificationClinical practicesComplexComponentsComputational efficiencyDatabase systemsEcgEfficiencyElectrocardiographyHolterLong term monitoringLong-term monitoringLongitudinal studyMonitoringParameter estimationPositive predictive valuesQrs detectionRecognitionSignal detectionTransform

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal Sensors due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency WoS (JCR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2018, it was in position 15/61, thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Instruments & Instrumentation.

From a relative perspective, and based on the normalized impact indicator calculated from the Field Citation Ratio (FCR) of the Dimensions source, it yields a value of: 3.6, which indicates that, compared to works in the same discipline and in the same year of publication, it ranks as a work cited above average. (source consulted: Dimensions Jul 2025)

Specifically, and according to different indexing agencies, this work has accumulated citations as of 2025-07-05, the following number of citations:

  • WoS: 14
  • Scopus: 15
  • Europe PMC: 4

Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2025-07-05:

  • The use, from an academic perspective evidenced by the Altmetric agency indicator referring to aggregations made by the personal bibliographic manager Mendeley, gives us a total of: 39.
  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 39 (PlumX).

With a more dissemination-oriented intent and targeting more general audiences, we can observe other more global scores such as:

  • The Total Score from Altmetric: 0.75.
  • The number of mentions on the social network Facebook: 1 (Altmetric).
  • The number of mentions on the social network X (formerly Twitter): 2 (Altmetric).

It is essential to present evidence supporting full alignment with institutional principles and guidelines on Open Science and the Conservation and Dissemination of Intellectual Heritage. A clear example of this is:

  • The work has been submitted to a journal whose editorial policy allows open Open Access publication.

Leadership analysis of institutional authors

There is a significant leadership presence as some of the institution’s authors appear as the first or last signer, detailed as follows: First Author (Melgarejo Meseguer, Francisco Manuel) .

the authors responsible for correspondence tasks have been Melgarejo Meseguer, Francisco Manuel and Rojo Álvarez, José Luis.