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The authors are grateful to the research participants for their participation in this study. Research by P.G. has been supported by a PICATA predoctoral contract of the Moncloa Campus of International Excellence (UCM-UPM).

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Carmen Martin-Buro, MariaAuthor

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October 18, 2022
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Quantifying the Test-Retest Reliability of Magnetoencephalography Resting-State Functional Connectivity

Publicated to:Brain Connectivity. 6 (6): 448-460 - 2016-07-01 6(6), DOI: 10.1089/brain.2015.0416

Authors: Garces, Pilar; Carmen Martin-Buro, Maria; Maestu, Fernando

Affiliations

Biomed Res Networking Ctr Bioengn Biomat & Nanome, Madrid, Spain - Author
Ctr Biomed Technol CTB, Lab Cognit & Computat Neurosci UCM UPM, Campus Montegancedo S-N, Madrid 28223, Spain - Author
Univ Complutense Madrid, Cardenal Cisneros Univ Coll, Psychol Div, Madrid, Spain - Author
Univ Complutense Madrid, Fac Phys, Dept Appl Phys 3, Madrid, Spain - Author
Univ Complutense Madrid, Fac Psychol, Dept Basic Psychol 2, Madrid, Spain - Author
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Abstract

The coordinated activity of the resting-state brain can be evaluated with magnetoencephalography (MEG) for distinct brain rhythms by performing source reconstruction to estimate the activities of target brain regions and employing one of the many existent functional connectivity (FC) algorithms. Although this procedure has been applied in a great amount of studies both with healthy and pathological populations, the reliability of such FC estimates is unknown, and this impairs the use of resting-state MEG FC at the individual level. In this study, the test-retest reliability of MEG resting FC was evaluated by exploring both within- and between-subject variability in FC in 16 healthy subjects who underwent three resting-state MEG scans. FC was computed after beamforming source reconstruction with four popular FC metrics: phase-locking value (PLV), phase lag index (PLI), direct envelope correlation (d-ecor), and envelope correlation with leakage correction (lc-ecor). Then, test-restest reliability and within- and between-subject agreement were evaluated with the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Kendall's W, respectively. Reliability was found to depend on the FC metric, the frequency band, and the specific link. As a general trend, greater test-retest reliability was found for PLV in theta to gamma, and for lc-ecor and d-ecor in beta. Further inspection of the ICC distribution revealed that volume conduction effects could be contributing to high ICC in PLV and d-ecor. In addition, stronger links were found to be more reliable. Overall, this encourages the further use of resting-state MEG FC for individual-level studies, especially with PLV or envelope correlation metrics.

Keywords

AdultAmplitude synchronizationBrainBrain mappingBrain networkBrain wavesFemaleFunctional connectivityHumansMagnetoencephalographyMaleMegPhase synchronizationReproducibility of resultsResting stateSignal processing, computer-assistedTest-retest reliability

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal Brain Connectivity due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency Scopus (SJR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2016, it was in position , thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Neuroscience (Miscellaneous).

From a relative perspective, and based on the normalized impact indicator calculated from World Citations from Scopus Elsevier, it yields a value for the Field-Weighted Citation Impact from the Scopus agency: 2.15, which indicates that, compared to works in the same discipline and in the same year of publication, it ranks as a work cited above average. (source consulted: ESI Nov 14, 2024)

This information is reinforced by other indicators of the same type, which, although dynamic over time and dependent on the set of average global citations at the time of their calculation, consistently position the work at some point among the top 50% most cited in its field:

  • Field Citation Ratio (FCR) from Dimensions: 16.62 (source consulted: Dimensions Jul 2025)

Specifically, and according to different indexing agencies, this work has accumulated citations as of 2025-07-16, the following number of citations:

  • WoS: 64
  • Scopus: 68
  • Europe PMC: 49

Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2025-07-16:

  • The use, from an academic perspective evidenced by the Altmetric agency indicator referring to aggregations made by the personal bibliographic manager Mendeley, gives us a total of: 91.
  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 91 (PlumX).

With a more dissemination-oriented intent and targeting more general audiences, we can observe other more global scores such as:

  • The Total Score from Altmetric: 3.55.
  • The number of mentions on the social network X (formerly Twitter): 5 (Altmetric).