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Impact on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Analysis of institutional authors

Lopez-Rodriguez, Juan AAuthorPolentinos-Castro, ElenaAuthorDel Cura-Gonzalez, IsabelAuthor

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February 27, 2023
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Article

Sex and income inequalities in preventive services in diabetes

Publicated to: European Journal of General Practice. 29 (1): 2159941- - 2023-12-31 29(1), DOI: 10.1080/13814788.2022.2159941

Authors:

Ares-Blanco, S; López-Rodríguez, JA; Vela, MF; Polentinos-Castro, E; del Cura-González, I
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Affiliations

Feder Montseny Hlth Ctr, Gerencia Asistencial Atenc Primaria, Serv Madrileno Salud, Madrid, Spain - Author
Hosp Univ Infanta Leonor, Med Prevent Dept, Madrid, Spain - Author
Inst Invest Sanitaria Gregorio Maranon, Madrid, Spain - Author
ISCIII, Hlth Serv Res Chron Patients Network REDISSEC, Hlth Outcomes Oriented Cooperat Res Networks RICO, Madrid, Spain - Author
Serv Madrileno Salud, Gen Ricardos Hlth Ctr, Gerencia Asistencial Atenc Primaria, Madrid, Spain - Author
Serv Madrileno Salud, Primary Care Res Unit, Gerencia Atenc Primaria, Madrid, Spain - Author
Univ Alcala, Sch Med, Publ Hlth & Epidemiol Res Grp, Madrid, Spain - Author
Univ Rey Juan Carlos, Sch Hlth Sci, Med Specialties & Publ Hlth, Madrid, Spain - Author
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Abstract

Background Cancer preventive services (gynaecological cancer screening, colon cancer screening) and cardiometabolic screening are recommended by guidelines to individuals. People with diabetes were less likely to receive them than those without diabetes in some studies. Objectives To analyse differences in the coverage of preventive services in people with diabetes compared to non-diabetic individuals and in people with diabetes according to sex and household income. Methods We analysed data collected from the European Health Interview Survey 2013-2015, including individuals aged 40-74 (n = 179,318), 15,172 with diabetes from 29 countries. The income of a household (HHI) was described in quintiles. The relationship between the coverage of preventive services (cardiometabolic, vaccination, cancer screening) and sociodemographic characteristics was analysed with multiple logistic regression. Results Women comprised 53.8% of the total and 40% were 60-74 years. People with diabetes compared to those without diabetes had higher reported coverage of cardiometabolic screening (98.4% vs. 90.0% in cholesterol measurement; 97.0% vs. 93.6% in blood pressure measurement), colorectal cancer screening (27.1% vs. 24.6%) but lower coverage of gynaecological cancer screening (mammography: 29.2% vs. 33.5%, pap smear test: 28.3% vs. 37.9%). Among diabetic patients, women were less likely to receive cholesterol screening (OR = 0.81; 95% CI: 0.72-0.91) and colon cancer screening (OR = 0.79; 95% CI: 0.73-0.86) compared to men. Being affluent was positively associated with receiving cardiometabolic screening and mammography in diabetic patients. Conclusion People with diabetes reported higher coverage of preventive services except gynaecological cancer screening. Disparities were found in diabetes among women and less affluent individuals.
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Keywords

AdultAgedArticleAssociationBlood pressure measurementBreastBreast cancerCancer screeningCardiovascular diseaseCardiovascular diseasesCerebrovascular accidentCholesterolCholesterol blood levelChronic diseaseClinical practiceColon tumorColonic neoplasmsColonoscopyColorectal cancerComorbidityDemographyDiabetes mellitusDiabetic patientEuropeFamily medicineFemaleFemale genital tract cancerGeneral practiceGeneral practice/family medicineHealthHealth care disparityHealth care policyHealth care utilizationHealth policyHealth serviceHealth surveyHealth surveysHouseholdHumanHumansHypertensionIncomeInfluenza vaccinationInterviewIschemic heart diseaseKidney diseaseLifestyleMajor clinical studyMaleMammographyMass screeningNo povertyObesityOccult blood testPapanicolaou testParticipationPreventionPreventive health servicePrimary-careSex differenceSociodemographicsSurveysUterine cervix cytologyVaccinationWomen

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal European Journal of General Practice due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency Scopus (SJR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2023, it was in position , thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Family Practice.

From a relative perspective, and based on the normalized impact indicator calculated from World Citations from Scopus Elsevier, it yields a value for the Field-Weighted Citation Impact from the Scopus agency: 1.67, which indicates that, compared to works in the same discipline and in the same year of publication, it ranks as a work cited above average. (source consulted: ESI Nov 13, 2025)

Specifically, and according to different indexing agencies, this work has accumulated citations as of 2026-04-03, the following number of citations:

  • WoS: 3
  • Scopus: 3
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Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2026-04-03:

  • The use, from an academic perspective evidenced by the Altmetric agency indicator referring to aggregations made by the personal bibliographic manager Mendeley, gives us a total of: 17.
  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 17 (PlumX).

With a more dissemination-oriented intent and targeting more general audiences, we can observe other more global scores such as:

  • The Total Score from Altmetric: 1.
  • The number of mentions on the social network X (formerly Twitter): 1 (Altmetric).

It is essential to present evidence supporting full alignment with institutional principles and guidelines on Open Science and the Conservation and Dissemination of Intellectual Heritage. A clear example of this is:

Continuing with the social impact of the work, it is important to emphasize that, due to its content, it can be assigned to the area of interest of ODS 1 - End poverty in all its forms everywhere, with a probability of 78% according to the mBERT algorithm developed by Aurora University.
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Leadership analysis of institutional authors

There is a significant leadership presence as some of the institution’s authors appear as the first or last signer, detailed as follows: First Author () and Last Author (Cura González, Maria Isabel del).

the author responsible for correspondence tasks has been .

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Project objectives

Los objetivos perseguidos en esta aportación fueron analizar las diferencias en la cobertura de servicios preventivos entre personas con y sin diabetes, evaluar la influencia del sexo en la recepción de dichos servicios entre pacientes diabéticos, determinar el impacto del ingreso del hogar en la cobertura de servicios preventivos en personas con diabetes, caracterizar la cobertura específica de servicios cardiometabólicos, vacunación y cribado de cáncer, y examinar las desigualdades socioeconómicas y de género en el acceso a la prevención en diabetes a partir de datos del European Health Interview Survey 2013-2015.
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Most relevant results

El estudio analiza las desigualdades en la cobertura de servicios preventivos en personas con diabetes según sexo e ingresos. Los resultados principales indican que: 1) las personas con diabetes presentan mayor cobertura en cribado cardiometabólico (98.4% vs. 90.0% en colesterol; 97.0% vs. 93.6% en presión arterial) y cribado de cáncer colorrectal (27.1% vs. 24.6%) respecto a no diabéticos; 2) la cobertura de cribado de cáncer ginecológico es menor en diabéticas (mamografía 29.2% vs. 33.5%; citología 28.3% vs. 37.9%); 3) entre diabéticos, las mujeres tienen menor probabilidad de recibir cribado de colesterol (OR=0.81; IC 95%: 0.72-0.91) y cáncer colorrectal (OR=0.79; IC 95%: 0.73-0.86) que los hombres
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Awards linked to the item

This work was supported by the Spanish Society of Family and Community Medicine -semFYC under Grant for completing doctoral theses Isabel Fernandez 2018. Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation in Primary Care (FIIBAP) under Grant for professional editing services in its 2021 call. This publication has been supported HEALTHSTAR13 project, cofunded by the healthstart Plus programme of Comunidad de Madrid and EU (REACT-EU programme of European Regional Development Fund).
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