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Analysis of institutional authors

Adá Lameiras, AlbaAuthor

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January 22, 2024
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The presence of female athletes and non-athletes on sports media Twitter

Publicated to:Feminist Media Studies. 21 (6): 941-958 - 2021-01-01 21(6), DOI: 10.1080/14680777.2020.1732439

Authors: Ada Lameiras, Alba; Rodriguez-Castro, Yolanda

Affiliations

Univ Vigo, Fac Educ, Ave Castelao Sn,Pabellon 2 Campus Ourense, Vigo 32004, Ourense, Spain - Author
Univ Vigo, Program Educ & Behav Sci, Vigo, Ourense, Spain - Author

Abstract

The objective of this study is to analyse "how much" and "what" coverage of female athletes there is on Twitter and, for the first time, to identify whether female athletes share space and stereotypes with female non-athletes. A multi-method approach (quantitative/qualitative) was used. Out of the 5.260 tweets posted in the general media (@ElPais_Deportes and @ABC_Deportes) and specialised media (@Marca and @MundoDeportivo) analysed in Spain, only 1.6% (N = 84) included tweets concerning female athletes. In addition, an analysis of the tweets posted confirmed that the probability of media coverage of female athletes in specialised media, 56.38% (N = 84), is similar to the probability of mention being made of a female non-athlete, which is 43.62% (N = 65). However, this is not the case for general media. A qualitative analysis confirmed that tweets in sports media cover failures, sanctions and the undervaluing of female athletes' achievements more than other stereotypes, whereas gender stereotypes and objectification/sexualisation characterize tweets concerning female non-athletes to a greater extent. In conclusion, female athletes suffer more discrimination in sports media ("how much"), whereas in terms of the "what", female non-athletes suffer the most sexist stereotypes in tweets.

Keywords

BroadcastCoverageExperiencesFemale athletesGenderIdentityMediaSexismSocial mediaSportsTelevised newsTimeTwitterWomens sports

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal Feminist Media Studies due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency Scopus (SJR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2021, it was in position , thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Visual Arts and Performing Arts. Notably, the journal is positioned above the 90th percentile.

From a relative perspective, and based on the normalized impact indicator calculated from World Citations provided by WoS (ESI, Clarivate), it yields a value for the citation normalization relative to the expected citation rate of: 4.38. This indicates that, compared to works in the same discipline and in the same year of publication, it ranks as a work cited above average. (source consulted: ESI Nov 14, 2024)

This information is reinforced by other indicators of the same type, which, although dynamic over time and dependent on the set of average global citations at the time of their calculation, consistently position the work at some point among the top 50% most cited in its field:

  • Weighted Average of Normalized Impact by the Scopus agency: 18 (source consulted: FECYT Feb 2024)
  • Field Citation Ratio (FCR) from Dimensions: 12.95 (source consulted: Dimensions Jul 2025)

Specifically, and according to different indexing agencies, this work has accumulated citations as of 2025-07-16, the following number of citations:

  • WoS: 28
  • Scopus: 27

Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2025-07-16:

  • The use, from an academic perspective evidenced by the Altmetric agency indicator referring to aggregations made by the personal bibliographic manager Mendeley, gives us a total of: 58.
  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 67 (PlumX).

With a more dissemination-oriented intent and targeting more general audiences, we can observe other more global scores such as:

  • The Total Score from Altmetric: 6.7.
  • The number of mentions on the social network X (formerly Twitter): 5 (Altmetric).
  • The number of mentions on Wikipedia: 1 (Altmetric).

Leadership analysis of institutional authors

There is a significant leadership presence as some of the institution’s authors appear as the first or last signer, detailed as follows: First Author (Adá Lameiras, Alba) .